Luther on Necessity
Original version
Harvard Theological Review 2015, 108(1):52-69 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0017816015000036Abstract
Among the quotations from Luther's works condemned by the pope in 1520 was the statement that free will is something that exists in name only. In his defense of this statement in Assertio omnium articulorum, published in December 1520, Luther goes one step further. Here he not only declares “free will” to be a concept without factual reference, he even insists that there is no one in the position even to think on one's own, either good or bad, as everything happens with absolute necessity.
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